철도 표준 이해: 종합 가이드

철도는 철도 선로의 주요 구성 요소입니다. 그 기능은 철도 차량의 바퀴를 앞으로 안내하고 바퀴의 엄청난 압력을 견디며 이를 레일 침목에 전달하는 것입니다. 레일은 바퀴에 연속적이고 매끄럽고 최소 저항의 롤링 표면을 제공해야 합니다. 전동철도나 자동차단구간에서는 레일을 선로회로로도 사용할 수 있다. 철도의 구체적인 표준 내용은 국가마다 다르며, 다음은 철도 표준의 일부 국가 및 지역의 주요 내용에 대한 몇 가지 예입니다.

미국(AREMA 표준)

The major railroads in the United States use a range of standards, including those developed by AREMA (American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association), such as AREMA 115, AREMA 132, and others. AREMA standards cover all types of rails, including tracks, crossovers, turnouts, and more. They include detailed specifications for rail geometry, material requirements, dimensions, welding requirements, heat treatment, coating and other performance parameters.

러시아(GOST 표준)

The Russian railroad system uses standards developed by GOST (Russian State Standard), such as GOST 8161, GOST 5876, etc. The Russian railroad system is based on the GOST standards. GOST 8161 includes technical conditions for different types of steel for railroad tracks, including material, dimensions, mechanical properties, etc. GOST 5876 specifies the requirements for steel for railroad tracks. GOST 5876 specifies the size and shape requirements for rails.

중국(GB/T 표준)

Chinese rail standards are usually set by China Railway Corporation (CRCC) and the National Standardization Administration of China (NSAC), and some of the common standards include GB/T 3414, GB/T 6995, and GB/T 2585. GB/T 3414 specifies the technical conditions of common rail, including rail type, size, material composition, mechanical properties, etc. The standard is based on the standard of GB/T 6995 and GB/T 2585. GB/T 6995 specifies the technical conditions of rails for high-speed railroads, including material properties, dimensions and performance parameters of high-speed railroads. YB/T 5050 specifies the technical conditions of 크레인용 강철 레일, 레일 유형, 크기, 재료 구성, 기계적 특성 등을 포함합니다.

일본(JIS 규격)

Japanese rail standards are developed by the Japan Railway Standardization Society (JRSK) and the Japan Railway Technology Institute (RTRI), among others. Some of the Japanese standards for rails include JIS E 1101, JIS E 1103, etc. JIS E 1101 specifies the chemical composition, dimensions and mechanical property requirements of steel for rail. JIS E 1103 specifies the dimensional and geometric requirements for different types of rails.

유럽(EN 및 UIC 표준)

The standards used in the European railroad system are mainly based on specifications developed by EN (European Standard) and UIC (International Union of Railways). Some common European rail standards include EN 13674, EN 13675, UIC 860 and others. The EN 13674 standard covers a wide range of different types of rails, including different rail types and track grades. It covers the material properties, dimensions, and mechanical requirements of rails, as well as heat treatment and welding requirements.

인도(IS 표준)

Indian standards for steel rails are usually based on IS (Indian Standards Authority) such as IS 3443, IS 2062 etc. IS 3443 specifies the technical conditions of steel for rail, including chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensional and quality requirements of the material. IS 2062 specifies the technical conditions of steel for general railways. 위의 내용은 단지 일부 예일 뿐이며 국가와 지역에 따라 표준에 더 자세한 규정과 요구 사항이 있을 수 있습니다. 특정 국가나 지역의 철도 표준에 대한 구체적인 내용을 알아보려면 관련 표준 기관의 공식 문서를 참조하거나 현지 철도청 또는 철도 엔지니어에게 문의하여 자세한 내용을 알아볼 수 있습니다. 또한 이러한 표준은 시간이 지남에 따라 자주 업데이트되고 개정되므로 정확한 정보를 얻으려면 최신 버전의 표준을 참조하는 것이 중요합니다.